Paul Krugman, an op-ed columnist at the NY Times, has a very thought provoking analysis of an issue that has been getting put on the back burner...a world food crisis. The issue has to do with a few different factors but all of it is related to a world living in unsustainable standards.
The problem has been getting worse over the past few years with grains doubling or tripling in price. American's may not feel the pinch as much as third world countries where half of a person's income can go towards food.
The 2005 Energy Policy Act mandated that 7.5 billion gallons of ethanol be produced by 2012, of which we are now producing a record 6.6 billion gallons per year. The Energy Act of 2007 increased the mandate to 9 billion gallons by 2008, 22 billion gallons per year of advanced biofuels by 2022, and total of up to 36 billion gallons by 2022!
| Facts and Figures (2006): |
| 17% of the U.S. corn crop went to ethanol |
| 26% of the sorghum crop went to ethanol |
| As of October 2007, there are 131 ethanol plants in operation |
| 10 are being expanded |
| 73 more are under construction |
| 200-300 are being proposed currently |
| Problems: |
| 73% of all corn grown in the U.S. is genetically engineered |
| The corn itself is designed to be sprayed with chemicals, insecticides, and herbicides, and natural gas based fertilizers. |
A study conducted by scientists from the Nature Conservancy, Santa Clara University, and Harvard University concluded that: |
About 50 percent of the world's surface area has been converted to grazing land or cultivated crops |
| And only 17 percent of the world's land area in 1995 was untouched by the direct influence of humans |
The decline of ancient civilizations in Mesopotamia, the Mediterranean region, Pre-Columbian southwest U.S. and Central America is believed to have been strongly influenced by natural resource degradation from non-sustainable farming and forestry practices. This is what makes this issue so important. We are running out of arable land and too much of it is made for animals, in which it takes 700 calories of animal feed to produce 100 calories of beef.
Some of the problem lies with China increasingly demanding a Western style diet by consuming more and more beef and other meat products. This alone creates a greater squeeze on remaining resources.
Biofuels increases pesticide use, is inefficient, does not prevent climate change, and competes for land that could be used to grow food for HUMANS. If farmers are lured to grow corn for ethanol instead of a crop for human consumption, especially because the government subsidizes it, then prices for food go up in the U.S. and around the world. One major byproduct of corn is high fructose corn syrup which is a sweetener that goes into soda pop and other sweet drinks. Price hikes may seem small for us, but once again these increases are literally starving the rest of the world. As an environmental blogger, I thought I would argue why I am completely against biofuel production from corn ethanol while highlighting a major global threat to the food supply.
_______________________________________________
Federal Energy Bill SummaryVertical Farm Essay by Dickson Despommier, Department of Environmental Health Sciences from Columbia University
Factsheet From:
EnergyJustice.net
Technorati Tags:
global warming